Original Article

Facile fabrication of pure zinc with calcium phosphate composite coatings: regulating zinc ion release for improving cellular compatibility

College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, PR China

^* e-mail: maliyan9722@21cn.com

Received: 2 December 2024
Accepted: 3 March 2025

Abstract

Zinc and its alloy counterparts are earmarked as advanced materials for crafting degradable medical equipment. The swift release of zinc ions from implants, leading to elevated local concentrations, can significantly influence cell differentiation. To tackle this, CaHPO₄ coatings were applied to pure zinc through a hydrothermal technique at temperatures of 100, 130, and 160 °C. Characterization of the coatings revealed CaHPO₄ as the dominant phase irrespective of the temperature. Immersion tests indicated that CaHPO₄ coatings could diminish zinc ion release and pH levels. All coated samples displayed superior corrosion resistance to pure zinc. Cytocompatibility studies indicated that coatings developed at the higher temperatures of 130 and 160 degrees Celsius supported cell survival and modulated the expression of osteogenic genes such as ALP, OCN, and RUNX2. Consequently, the CaHPO₄ coating can substantially enhance the controlled release of zinc ions and the cytoaffinity of pure zinc.