Original Article

The characteristics of Fe‐Mn‐Si‐Cr‐Ni shape memory alloy with variation of carbon content and training process

¹ Research Center for Metallurgy, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST B.J. Habibie, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia
² Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16425, Indonesia

^* e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Received: 7 January 2025
Accepted: 7 December 2025

Abstract

The Fe‐Mn‐Si‐Cr‐Ni alloy is a shape memory alloy with potential for civil infrastructure applications, which can be used for building reinforcement and seismic dampers due to its shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity (PE) capabilities. The Fe‐Mn‐Si properties could be optimized by the addition of precipitate‐formers such as carbon combined with several series of training. This work was conducted using a hot rolling process at a temperature of 1273 K to obtain a 60% reduction, followed by a solution treatment process at a temperature of 1373 K for 1 h and aging at 973 K for 30 min. A temperature of 573 K and 6% deformation were used in training, with repetitive loading and heating until five cycles were completed. The research results showed that training with 6% pre‐strain and heating at 573 K has been proven to boost the SME value of FeMnSiCrNi alloy. However, the most effective training cycle on the alloy happened in the third cycle, resulting in excellent SME. The strain recovery capabilities of Alloy‐3 improved by 12% in the third training cycle compared to Alloy‐3 in the first training cycle and by 32% compared to Alloy‐1 in the same training level. Despite the positive impact, training cycles of up to five times reduce the alloy's strain recovery properties and increase strain hardening. Alloy‐3 exhibits severe strain recovery deterioration due to saturation of non‐reversible martensite formation generated by significant deformation strain.