specific scope 1 and scope 2 CO₂ emissions and electric energy consumption of current and future steelmaking routes per ton liquid crude steel (LS). For route (c) and (d) a hydrogen-based direct reduction Midrex H₂ plant with an electric heater was considered for hydrogen and for natural gas-based direct reduction standard Midrex shaft with reformer. All routes considered an annual crude steel output of around 1 million tons. Route (a) with 2 different charge mix into BOF: 89/79% Hot metal and 11/21% scrap, route (b) with 100% scrap charging into Quantum EAF with scrap preheating; route (c) and (d) with hot DRI charging with a metallization of 94% and same DRI productivity of 125t/h; electric energy consumption for pelletizing and casting was not considered since it's minor. Natural gas (NG) and hydrogen (H₂) values can vary based on plant and equipment configuration. System Boundaries include core process aggregates from iron ore agglomeration, BF, DR, DR+ Smelter ironmaking until EAF or BOF crude steelmaking. Dedusting, utilities and other auxiliary aggregates are not considered.