| Issue |
Metall. Res. Technol.
Volume 116, Number 5, 2019
Inclusion cleanliness in the metallic alloys
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 517 | |
| Number of page(s) | 6 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2019028 | |
| Published online | 17 September 2019 | |
Regular Article
An experimental study of the inclusion behavior during maraging steel processing
1
Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, LabEx DAMAS, université de Lorraine,
2, allée André-Guinier, Campus Artem,
54000
Nancy, France
2
Aperam Imphy Alloys,
avenue Jean-Jaurès,
58160
Imphy, France
* e-mail: rayan.bhar@univ-lorraine.fr
Received:
30
November
2018
Accepted:
24
May
2019
Two maraging steel rods with different sulfur content, deliberately seeded with alumina (Al2O3) inclusions, were remelted in an electron beam furnace. The aim was on one hand to highlight the emergence of non-metallic inclusions at the liquid metal surface and on the other hand to study the effect of the presence of a surface active element (sulfur) on their behavior. The in situ real time observation of Al2O3 clusters was possible using both high-speed video and infrared thermography. The inclusions emerge and tend to collide and quickly agglomerate into rafts. A semi-quantitative analysis confirmed that almost 100% of inclusions are captured at the free surface. The electron beam creates large thermal gradients in the impingement zones; this induces thermocapillary convection (Marangoni effect). The flow direction depends on the sulfur content. This tendency was well-observed by following the trajectories of inclusion rafts.
Key words: inclusion cleanliness / non-metallic inclusions / agglomeration / Marangoni convection
© R. Bhar et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2019
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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